Objective To investigate the effect of Beifushu eye drops on the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in aqueous humor of patients with viral keratopathy. Methods A total of 60 patients with viral keratopathy who admitted to Shenzhen Longgang Central Hospital from March 2018 to March 2019 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into the control group (30 cases) and the research group (30 cases) using to the random number table method. The patients in the control group were treated with acyclovir eye drops, and the patients in the research group were treated with Beifushu eye drops on the basis of the control group. Both groups took 15 days as a course of treatment and continued treatment for 3 courses . The intraocular pressure, lacrimal gland secretion, tear film rupture time, corneal fluorescence staining score and the levels of IL-6 and VEGF in aqueous humor were compared between the two groups before and after treatment, and the occurrence of adverse reactions during the treatment period was counted. Results After treatment, the intraocular pressure and corneal fluorescence staining scores of the two groups of patients were lower than before treatment, and the research group was lower than the control group; after treatment, the lacrimal gland secretion of the two groups increased compared with before treatment, and the research group was higher than the control group; after treatment, the tear break-up time lengthen significantly compared with before treatment, and the research group was longer than the control group; the levels of IL-6 and VEGF in aqueous humor of the two decreased compared with before treatment, and the research group was lower than that of the control group (all P <0.05); the total incidence of adverse reactions in the research group was lower than that in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05). Conclusion Befuxu eye drops can reduce the intraocular pressure and the levels of IL-6 and VEGF in aqueous humor of patients with viral keratopathy, thereby inhibiting the formation of pathological neovascularization, improving the clinical symptoms of patients without increasing adverse reactions, and showing good safety.