Objective To analyze the recovery of wrist joint function in patients with traumatic distal radius fracture after treatment with volar plate internal fixation, and to explore the risk factors of poor recovery of wrist joint function after surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical datas of 80 patients with traumatic distal radius fractures treated by volar plate internal fixation in Zhangjiagang First People’s Hospital from January 2018 to April 2020, based on the recovery of wrist joint function of patients 6 months after surgery , they were divided into the good recovery group (59 cases) and the poor recovery group (21 cases). A univariate analysis of factors affecting poor recovery of wrist joint function in patients with traumatic distal radius fractures treated with volar plate internal fixation was performed, and a multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed on the variables with statistical significant differences in the univariate analysis. Results 6 months after surgery, 80 patients with traumatic distal radial fractures who underwent volar plate internal fixation had a poor wrist joint recovery rate of 26.25%; the results of univariate analysis showed that, the proportion of patients with age≥?60 years old, comminuted fracture, combined with osteoporosis, irregular functional exercise, severe shortening deformity, and iatrogenic soft tissue injury in the poor recovery group was higher than those in the good recovery group (all P < 0.05); multivariate Logistic analysis showed that, age≥?60 years old, comminuted fracture, combined with osteoporosis, irregular functional exercise and severe shortening deformity were the risk factors for poor recovery of wrist function in patients with traumatic distal radius fracture after volar plate internal fixation(OR=1.921, 1.861, 2.184, 1.777, 2.117, all P < 0.05). Conclusion Age≥?60 years old, comminuted fracture, combined with osteoporosis, irregular functional exercise and severely shortened deformities are the risk factors for poor recovery of wrist joint function after volar plate internal fixation in patients with traumatic distal radius fracture. According to the clinical characteristics of patients, targeted interventions can be given, and patients can be guided to carry out regular rehabilitation training to promote the recovery of wrist joint function.